MCQ on antihypertensives: Page-6

Endothelin is one of the important mediator that is released from vascularal endothelium. Its release is stimulated by all of the following EXCEPT

(A) R only

(B) Q only

(C) P and S

(D) S only

Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor that is synthesized and released by vasoconstrictor response stimulated by thrombin, insulin and 5-HT, adrenaline and angiotensin II. It synthesis is inhibited by vasodilatory response produced by PG I2, Nitric oxide, natriuretic peptide and high shear stress. Low shear stress mainly results in vasoconstriction leading to release of endothelin whereas high shear stress results in vasodilatation leading to inhibition of its release.

Taste disturbances are mainly shown by

(A) Enalapril

(B) Losartan

(C) Captopril

(D) Valsartan

Captopril is an ACE inhibitor with thiol group in the structure. It produces penicillamine like effects as the later drug also has thiol group in its structure. The side effects include taste disturbances, proteinuria and neutropenia.

Taste disturbances produced by the above listed drug is due to

(A) Zinc atom in its structure

(B) Thiol group in its structure

(C) Activation of chymase as alternate pathway

(D) Inhibition of ACE enzyme

Captopril is an ACE inhibitor with thiol group in the structure. It produces penicillamine like effects as the later drug also has thiol group in its structure. The side effects include taste disturbances, proteinuria and neutropenia.

Which of the following drug acts on dopamine receptors and indicated for severe hypertension?

(A) Methyldopa

(B) Fenoldapam

(C) Bosentan

(D) Haloperidol

Fenoldapam is dopamine agonist that produces renal vasodilatation. Fenoldapam is used in severe hypertension for increasing diuresis thereby increasing the excretion of sodium.

Which of the following antihypertensive drug acts on imidazole receptor

(A) Methyldopa

(B) Moxonidine

(C) Spironolactone

(D) Doxazosin

Moxonidine acts on imidazoline receptors.